Review Questions

Which of the following is the main function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A) Long-term energy storage
B) Genetic information storage
C) Immediate energy supply
D) Catalyzing chemical reactions

Fill in the blank: The monomers of proteins are __________.

Name the three parts of a nucleotide.

Which of the following is not a lipid?
A) Steroid
B) Phospholipid
C) Triglyceride
D) Starch

True or False: Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Match the biomolecule with its correct monomer or subunit:

• Column A

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Lipids

  3. Proteins

  4. Nucleic acids

• Column B
  A. Nucleotides
  B. Amino acids
  C. Monosaccharides
  D. Glycerol + fatty acids

Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

Which type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein?

Fill in the blank: The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its __________ structure.

Why are phospholipids especially important for cell membranes?

Which nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?

Describe one major function of each:

Which of the following best describes cellulose?
A) Storage polysaccharide in animals
B) Structural polysaccharide in plants
C) Storage polysaccharide in plants
D) Simple sugar used for energy

A patient has a genetic disorder where they cannot properly digest lactose. This means they lack the enzyme __________.

Short answer: Explain how the structure of DNA allows it to store and transmit genetic information.