Review Questions
-
Which of the following enzymes is used to cut DNA at specific sequences?
A) DNA ligase
B) Restriction enzyme
C) RNA polymerase
D) Helicase -
Fill in the blank: The process of making multiple identical copies of DNA is called __________.
-
What is the role of DNA ligase in genetic engineering?
-
Which of the following best describes PCR (polymerase chain reaction)?
A) A method to cut DNA into fragments
B) A method to amplify DNA
C) A method to insert genes into bacteria
D) A method to separate proteins -
True or False: Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on their size and charge.
-
Match the biotechnology tool (Column A) with its description (Column B):
-
Column A
-
Restriction enzyme
-
Gel electrophoresis
-
Plasmid
-
PCR
-
CRISPR-Cas9
-
-
Column B
A. Circular DNA used as a vector in bacteria
B. Cuts DNA at specific sequences
C. Technology for gene editing guided by RNA
D. Technique to make many copies of DNA
E. Laboratory method to separate DNA by size
-
-
Fill in the blank: Organisms that carry foreign genes inserted into their genome are called __________ organisms.
-
Explain how recombinant DNA is created.
-
Which of the following is an example of biotechnology in medicine?
A) Genetically modified crops
B) Gene therapy
C) Artificial selection in dog breeding
D) Composting -
What is the purpose of a DNA probe in molecular biology?
-
Short answer: How does CRISPR differ from traditional restriction enzyme-based genetic engineering?
-
Fill in the blank: A DNA fingerprint is unique to each individual because of differences in __________ regions of DNA.
-
Which of the following is an ethical concern associated with biotechnology?
A) Use of PCR in labs
B) Gel electrophoresis accuracy
C) Genetic privacy and gene editing in humans
D) Microscopy in education -
Compare therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning.
-
Application: A scientist wants to insert a human insulin gene into bacteria to mass-produce insulin. List the basic steps of this biotechnology process.
